Fumaric acid

Ferrous fumarate is an organic iron source with a mild metallic odor, which has a relatively small impact on food flavor; The stability is good during processing and storage, and it is not easy to cause product discoloration. The absorption and utilization process of iron in the human body is relatively mild, and its irritation to the gastrointestinal tract is lower than that of some inorganic iron salts. Specific advantages need to be validated in conjunction with product formulas and processes.

The amount of addition should be determined based on the animal species, growth stage, iron content in the basic diet, and breeding objectives. Usually, 100-150 grams/ton are added to piglet feed, 80-120 grams/ton are added to sow feed during late pregnancy, and 50-100 grams/ton are added to aquatic feed. It is recommended to conduct gradient tests under the guidance of professionals to avoid excessive or insufficient testing.

Due to the high bioavailability of ferrous fumarate, animals absorb iron more fully, resulting in a relatively lower amount of unabsorbed iron emissions in feces. This helps to reduce the impact of heavy metal emissions from aquaculture on soil and water bodies, and is one of the commonly used emission reduction measures in green aquaculture. The actual emission reduction effect needs to be comprehensively evaluated in combination with feeding management and manure treatment processes.